Aim: Using health statistics data from 2003 to 2008, we calculated male and female labor’s death rate as vital statistic index. In order to understand labor’s major causes of death in different gender, we further applied age direct standardized mortality rate (ASR) to adjust age structure.

Method: Of this study, data were obtained from labor insurance database from 2003 through 2008. With the aim of exploring major cause of death, gender, age and death of time in various categories of workers, those data thereof linked with nationwide death statistics database from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and calculated in terms of crude death rate and ASR as vital statistic indicators.

Result: Liver cancer and heart disease were the first and second causes of death in male, its ASR being 39.38 and 32.04 respectively. Diabetes and cerebrovascular disease were the first two causes of death in female, its ASR being 25.94 and 19.14 respectively. In addition, the female breast cancer which ASR (10.81) ranked seventh cause of death had the highest crude death rate in female. Concering a detail comparative analysis in gender, given that ASR of male being significant higher than female in the large majority of major causes of death.

Conclusion: There are some suggestive evidences that various health statistic indexes for workers be called for sustained surveillance. It should be further to discuss health problems in difference gender and to support references for labor’s health policy.