Shift work is a contributing cause of poor sleep quality in firefighters. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of lifestyle and health-related factors on the sleep quality of fi refi ghters. In March 2011, a cross-sectional study design was used to survey 350 male fi refi ghters in Changhua County, Taiwan. Of the 313 returned questionnaires, 240 valid questionnaires were used in the analyses after excluding incomplete questionnaires and respondents who did not have to work rotating shifts. The mean age of the respondents was 36 years. The mean score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was 8.6 with 72% of the respondents classified as having poor sleep quality. Results of the multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that more severe burnout levels, presence of psychological symptoms, having siblings, and smoking or alcohol use were significant and independent risk factors for poor sleep quality. The sleep quality of fi refi ghters is an important issue and good sleep quality should be ensured. Courses on stress management should be provided and suffi cient numbers of fi refi ghters should be recruited.